Efeito crônico do tabagismo no perfil inflamatório, estresse oxidativo e desempenho físico em homens assintomáticos
Date
2014
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UFVJM
Abstract
O efeito do consumo crônico do cigarro no perfil inflamatório, estresse oxidativo e desempenho físico têm sido investigado em fumantes assintomáticos, contudo, estes estudos na sua maioria ainda são poucos e divergentes. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito crônico do tabagismo no perfil inflamatório, estresse oxidativo, função muscular esquelética periférica e aptidão cardiorrespiratória de homens adultos assintomáticos. Os sujeitos do estudo foram divididos igualmente entre o grupo fumante (GF, n= 20) e grupo controle (GC, n= 20), composto por sujeitos não fumantes. A função pulmonar de todos participantes foi avaliada pela espirometria. O perfil inflamatório foi avaliado pela mensuração das concentrações plasmáticas das citocinas IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 e pelos receptores solúveis de TNF-α (sTNFR1 e sTNFR2). O estresse oxidativo foi avaliado pela mensuração das concentrações plasmáticas das substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS), da atividade das enzimas antioxidantes superóxido dismutase (SOD) e catalase de eritrócitos e pela capacidade antioxidante total do plasma. A função muscular esquelética periférica foi avaliada por meio das medidas de pico de torque dos músculos extensores e flexores de joelho e da resistência e fadiga muscular dos músculos extensores de joelho; e a aptidão cardiorrespiratória foi avaliada através da mensuração do consumo pico de oxigênio (VO2pico), frequência cardíaca máxima (FCmax) e distância caminhada em um teste máximo de caminhada/corrida. Sujeitos do GF apresentaram aumentos significativos das concentrações plasmáticas de TBARS e do receptor solúvel sTNFR1 e diminuições significativas da atividade da enzima catalase em lisado eritrocitário, comparados ao GC. Além disso, sujeitos do GF exibiram menor resistência muscular dos músculos extensores de joelho como determinado pelas medidas de trabalho, com inalterado índice de fadiga dos músculos extensores de joelho e pico de torque dos músculos extensores e flexores de joelho. A aptidão cardiorrespiratória foi similar entre os sujeitos do GF e do GC. Este estudo demonstrou que homens fumantes crônicos e assintomáticos exibiram alterações no perfil inflamatório, no estresse oxidativo e na função muscular esquelética periférica, quando comparados a não fumantes.
The effect of chronic cigarette smoking on inflammatory profile, oxidative stress and physical performance has been investigated in asymptomatic smokers, however, these studies are few and divergent. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the chronic effect of smoking on inflammatory profile, oxidative stress, peripheral skeletal muscle function and cardiorespiratory fitness in asymptomatic adult men. The subjects of the study were divided equally between the smoking group (SG, n = 20) and control group (CG, n = 20) composed of non-smoking subjects. The lung function of all participants was assessed by spirometry. The inflammatory response was assessed by measurement of plasma concentrations of IL- 6, TNF- α, IL -10 and soluble receptors for TNF-α (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2). Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring plasma concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase in erythrocytes and the total antioxidant capacity of plasma. The peripheral skeletal muscle function was assessed by measuring the peak torque of the extensor and flexor muscles of the knee; and resistance and muscle fatigue of the knee extensor muscles; and cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by measurement of peak uptake oxygen (VO2peak), maximum heart rate (HRmax) and distance walked on a maximum test of the walk/run. SG subjects showed significant increases in plasma concentrations of TBARS and soluble receptors sTNFR1 and significant decreases in erythrocyte catalase enzyme activity, compared to the CG. In addition, SG subjects exhibited less muscle strength of knee extensors muscles as determined by measures of work and unchanged fatigue index of the knee extensors muscles and peak torque of knee extensors and flexors muscles. Cardiorespiratory fitness was similar between subjects SG and CG. This study demonstrated that male chronic smokers, healthy adult, exhibited changes in the inflammatory response, oxidative stress and peripheral skeletal muscle function, when compared to non-smokers.
The effect of chronic cigarette smoking on inflammatory profile, oxidative stress and physical performance has been investigated in asymptomatic smokers, however, these studies are few and divergent. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the chronic effect of smoking on inflammatory profile, oxidative stress, peripheral skeletal muscle function and cardiorespiratory fitness in asymptomatic adult men. The subjects of the study were divided equally between the smoking group (SG, n = 20) and control group (CG, n = 20) composed of non-smoking subjects. The lung function of all participants was assessed by spirometry. The inflammatory response was assessed by measurement of plasma concentrations of IL- 6, TNF- α, IL -10 and soluble receptors for TNF-α (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2). Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring plasma concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase in erythrocytes and the total antioxidant capacity of plasma. The peripheral skeletal muscle function was assessed by measuring the peak torque of the extensor and flexor muscles of the knee; and resistance and muscle fatigue of the knee extensor muscles; and cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by measurement of peak uptake oxygen (VO2peak), maximum heart rate (HRmax) and distance walked on a maximum test of the walk/run. SG subjects showed significant increases in plasma concentrations of TBARS and soluble receptors sTNFR1 and significant decreases in erythrocyte catalase enzyme activity, compared to the CG. In addition, SG subjects exhibited less muscle strength of knee extensors muscles as determined by measures of work and unchanged fatigue index of the knee extensors muscles and peak torque of knee extensors and flexors muscles. Cardiorespiratory fitness was similar between subjects SG and CG. This study demonstrated that male chronic smokers, healthy adult, exhibited changes in the inflammatory response, oxidative stress and peripheral skeletal muscle function, when compared to non-smokers.
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NEVES, Camila Danielle Cunha. Efeito crônico do tabagismo no perfil inflamatório, estresse oxidativo e desempenho físico em homens assintomáticos. 2014. 85 p. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, 2014.